Updates in Geriatric Psychiatry-view handout:slides

view handout:slides_c2100103-04-02

Pdf Summary

Mood disorders in late life, specifically late-life depression (LLD), are common among elderly individuals. Symptoms of LLD include lack of feeling or emotion, cognitive complaints, somatic complaints, unexplained health worries, heightened pain experience/complaints, irritability, social withdrawal, loss of interest and pleasure in activities, and signs of functional impairment or decline.<br /><br />The prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in older adults is estimated to be around 1% to 3%, although the prevalence of depressive symptoms is much higher. Risk factors for LLD include female gender, neurotransmitter dysfunction, endocrine changes, genetics, medical illness, co-morbid psychiatric disorders, and microvascular dysfunction.<br /><br />LLD is associated with various medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and Parkinson's disease. It is also linked to an increased risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.<br /><br />Treatment options for LLD include antidepressant medications, psychotherapy (such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy), and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Antidepressants have been shown to be effective in reducing symptoms of LLD, with various medications and augmentation strategies available. Psychotherapy and psychosocial interventions have also demonstrated benefits in improving outcomes for elderly patients with LLD.<br /><br />Suicide rates among older adults, particularly white men over 85 years old, are higher compared to other age groups. Risk factors for suicide in the elderly include bipolar disorder, severe pain, depression, psychotic disorders, anxiety disorders, and the availability of firearms.<br /><br />In summary, mood disorders, specifically late-life depression, are common among elderly individuals. Understanding the clinical features, risk factors, and treatment options for LLD is essential for providing effective care for this population.

Keywords

Mood disorders

Late-life depression

LLD

Elderly individuals

Depressive symptoms

Risk factors

Medical conditions

Dementia

Treatment options

Suicide rates