Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders: Clinical Presentation and Treatments-View Presentation

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Video Summary

In this clinical update session on the obsessive-compulsive spectrum, three experts shared their insights on OCD, body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and trichotillomania. Dr. Chris Pittenger of Yale University provided a comprehensive overview of OCD, emphasizing its definition, prevalence, neurobiology, and both psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments. OCD is characterized by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) that drive anxiety and distress, often treated with SSRIs and CBT for best outcomes.<br /><br />Dr. Katherine Phillips of Cornell Medical Center discussed BDD, focusing on its symptoms, prevalence, insights, and associations with high suicidality rates and poor quality of life. BDD involves preoccupation with perceived physical flaws, leading to significant distress and impaired functioning. Treatments include high doses of SSRIs and tailored CBT strategies, such as perceptual retraining and behavioral experiments, to address cognitive distortions and improve insight.<br /><br />Dr. John Grant of the University of Chicago addressed trichotillomania, a lesser-known but impactful disorder marked by compulsive hair-pulling. The condition predominantly affects women and often remains untreated for decades. Behavioral interventions like habit reversal therapy are standard, though pharmacological options are limited with mixed study results. Dr. Grant emphasized the disorder's variability and potential overlap with OCD-related behaviors, suggesting differentiation in treatment approaches based on individual presentations.<br /><br />The session highlighted the complexity and overlapping characteristics of these disorders while presenting tailored treatments to improve patient outcomes. Advanced understanding of each disorder's nuances and potential genetic and environmental influences was discussed, underscoring the importance of personalized and comprehensive treatment strategies.

Keywords

OCD

body dysmorphic disorder

trichotillomania

neurobiology

psychotherapeutic treatments

pharmacological treatments

CBT

SSRIs

cognitive distortions

habit reversal therapy

genetic influences

personalized treatment