Brain Networks in Psychiatric Disorders-View Presentation

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Video Summary

In this video, Professor Vinod Menon from Stanford University discusses the role of brain networks in psychiatric disorders. He explains that the goal of his research is to advance the understanding of human brain function and dysfunction, with the aim of helping individuals with psychiatric disorders. He focuses on a cognitive and systems neuroscience approach, which looks at how the brain processes information. <br /><br />Menon describes the core cognitive control networks, which are responsible for allocating mental resources and facilitating the selection of stimuli, thoughts, and actions. He highlights the relevance of these networks in understanding psychiatric disorders, as impairments in cognitive control are present in most, if not all, of these disorders. Menon then presents the triple network model of psychopathology, which involves the salience, frontal parietal, and default mode networks. He explains how these networks interact and give rise to a range of phenotypic features seen in psychiatric disorders.<br /><br />The video also discusses specific examples of how these networks are impaired in autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, and depression. Menon explains that in autism, there are hyperconnected networks involved in cognitive and motoric behaviors. In ADHD, there are dysregulated dynamics and impairments in interaction between these networks. In schizophrenia, there are hyperconnected default mode and salience networks, and dysregulated dopamine function. In depression, there are hyperconnected default mode network circuits, and treatment with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can attenuate this hyperconnectivity.<br /><br />Overall, Menon emphasizes that understanding brain networks and their dysfunctions can provide insights into the cognitive and affective control impairments seen in psychiatric disorders, and help inform treatment approaches.

Keywords

brain networks

psychiatric disorders

cognitive control

systems neuroscience

triple network model

salience network

frontal parietal network

default mode network

autism spectrum disorder

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

schizophrenia